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The most common application of the organ bath assay is in cardiovascular research, using isolated aortic rings, heart tissue (papillary muscle, left ventricles) or arteries. For studying gastro-intestinal effects, preparations of ileum and colon are often used, but also gastric antral muscle and sphincter may be studied.
Respiratory effects can be studied in isolated tracheal rings, phrenic diaphragm preparations, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle and even lung parenchyma. Other smooth muscle preparations that are used in organ bath research are urinary bladder, penile muscle strips and prostate.
In contrast to the molecular assays, the complex responses of the organ bath assay can be studied while controlling several physiological parameters. In addition, effects of compounds with unknown molecular targets can be studied. Important tissue-specific expression and modification of molecular targets may be lost in cell culture assays but can be studied in the organ bath. Organ baths are also ideal for studying responses in specific animal disease models.
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